Gangsterism In The 1920S Essays - Prohibition In The United States

Gangsterism In The 1920'S ?The Roaring Twenties,?; what a perfect aphorism. It was certainly roaring with music and dance, but it also was roaring with gangsters. In the aspect of gangsterism, the thirties were also roaring. Americans in this time period tolerated criminals, especially those involved in bootlegging. Bootlegging is the smuggling of illegal substances. Bootlegging could have possibly been tolerated because of the recent outlaw of alcohol during this time period, known as the Prohibition. Gangsters were involved in bootlegging, prostitution, gambling, organized crime, and racketeering. Al ?Scarface ? Capone, Bonnie and Clyde, and John Dillinger were the headliners of this era. Gangsterism provided a risky job but maximum rewards in a time when jobs were scarce and our country was in the midst of a depression. When Congress passed the eighteenth amendment, alcohol was banned in every way from America. People who were addicted to alcohol and even those who were accustomed to the casual drink still had a demand for it. Many would pay top dollar for a drink, they didn't think obtaining alcohol would be too immoral because it was legal just a few years back. Citizens would hold private socials and would serve alcohol to all of the guests, this was usually done by the wealthy because of the high cost of alcohol. This opened up many opportunities for those who were willing to take risks and bootleg illegal alcohol to the country. With money flowing like water to many of these gangsters, greed began to grow rapidly among them. They began to explore more demoralizing fields of work. These gangsters began to open speakeasies, which were like old west taverns with prostitution, gambling, and of course, drinking. Speakeasies always had cover charges ranging from five dollars to twenty-five dollars, depending on the price of alcohol at the time. America's obsession for alcohol allowed the owners to charge any price they wanted. Thousands of speakeasies were located in Chicago, which meant that tens-of-thousands of speakeasies were spread around the country, with most in the large cities. So many Americans were sneaking around under the law that moral values began to dwindle. Gangsters moved up in the ranks and began more vicious crimes such as murder and massive theft. Most of these crimes were necessary to keep business alive. Murder was widespread because some people who would be paid to keep quiet would talk, in return they would be dealt with?very harshly. In 1929, gangsters from across the country gathered in Atlantic City, New Jersey to meet with one another. Leaders from all of the major crime syndicates attended. At the meeting, they made agreements on boundaries and a their ?government? to make sure relations between groups were peaceful. Anyone who broke these rules were, again, dealt with?very harshly. One of the most famous crime bosses ever was Al Capone. His nickname was ?scarface.? which is used as a nickname in many mobster movies. He had his own army?seven thousand strong. He owned ten thousand speakeasies, and he was involved in all of the traditional gangster activities such as prostitution and gambling. Many politicians and police officers were on the payroll of Capone. Because of his one-hundred million dollar annual income, he had no problem maintaining this kind of lifestyle. Capon's most famous quote is ?When I sell liquor, it's bootlegging. When my patrons serve it on silver trays on Lake Shore Drive, it's hospitality.? In 1929, a rival boss, Bugs Moran, began to infringe on Capone's territory. He sent some of his ?boys?, disguised as police officers, to one of Moran's drop-off spots for alcohol. They disarmed Moran's men and then sprayed many rounds in to their bodies, ending Moran's career as a gangster. This is known as the St. Valentine's Day Massacre. After the Massacre, Capone's freedom and iron-fisted control was on the decline because of the Public Enemies List. Law enforcement tried to nail him for any offense for which they could get proof, the only one was tax evasion. Capone served eleven years in prison and left wrecked by syphilis. He died peacefully in his home and was buried next to his father and grandfather in Chicago's west side. Other criminals took advantage of corrupt law enforcement and went

Scholarship Essay Competition

Scholarship Essay Competition Scholarship Essay Competition Best Essay Education is a top academic writing service that, for years, has produced high quality academic writing for students in high school, college and graduate/professional programs. We pride ourselves in employing only the best writers, with Bachelor’s through Ph.D. degrees in all academic disciplines, so that we can serve any student need. As students use our service, and receive original, custom academic writing, they are able study those pieces and become better writers themselves. Best Essay Education has created a scholarship essay competition to encourage students to produce their own great essays and have the opportunity to win a sizeable financial award to help with their own educational expenses. Below, you will find all of the details. If you meet our entry requirements and are ready to craft that perfect essay, we urge you to enter. Who is Eligible? To apply, you must be a student at an accredited college, university, community college, oct-tech certificate program, or any graduate or equivalent professional program. High school students who have just enrolled in college, are certainly eligible. Essay Prompts Entrants must choose one of the following three prompts: Should students have the right to evaluate their teachers? Why or why not? If so, how should this be done? What new innovations promise to significantly change your life in college? How will they change your life? Of all of the environment threats, which do you see as the most dangerous right now? Rules 1. The entry is free, but a  student may only enter one time 2. The essay has a word maximum of 1,000 words and must be in English   3. Essays must be submitted through our application form or as a Word attachment, sent to @gmail.com, with the subject line â€Å"Scholarship Essay Contest.†Ã‚   4. Once the essay is submitted, entrants must access their Facebook, Twitter, Flipboard or Stumbleupon page and repost this page. Help us to spread the word about the scholarship to as many students as possible. 5. Entrants must also â€Å"Like† our Facebook page and â€Å"follow† us on Twitter.   6. No offensive, harassing, or incendiary, defaming content may be used.   7. By submitting an essay, the student is certifying that the content in fully original. 8. Entry automatically constitutes agreement on the part of the entrant to all of the Terms and Conditions listed below.   9. Entrant’s full name, email, and social media account ID’s should appear on a separate page and submitted with the essay. Methods of Judging All eligible essays will be evaluated by a panel of Best Essay Education writers and editors. The following criteria will be used: Originality of thought and structure Quality of grammar and composition, including organization, vocabulary, etc. Creativity and depth of thought    The panel shall determine the top three winners, based upon a scored rubric, and will then publish those winner names on its site, and social media pages, as it deems appropriate. Winners will receive notification via email and will be required to reply to those emails. Should a winner fail to respond to the email or, for any reason, refuse the prize award, the award will be provided to the entrant who is next in line. Deadline for entries is 30 November, 2017.    Terms and Conditions:  By submitting an entry to Scholarship Contest, the entrant automatically agrees to be bound by these Terms and Conditions. Entrants attest that any entry submitted to the Best Essay.Education scholarship essay contest will be fully original and is one that has never been submitted or published anywhere else. We reserves the right to subject every entry to a plagiarism-scan, in order to verify originality. Once an entry is submitted, entrant agrees that all ownership rights to that essay are transferred to , and all copyright laws protect ownership by . Entrant understands and agrees that s/he may not reproduce, transfer, share, republish, or otherwise use or distribute the entry essay in any way, without express written permission. Entrant agrees that the company may use his/her name in publishing the contest entrants and/or winners. shall protect all other personal information of every contestant and shall not provide that personal information to any third party.

Professional & legal issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Professional & legal issues - Essay Example But in the given condition, it is only me who is available to sort out these problems. Since the problem is very critical, it may cause loss of life if not sorted early. Now since I am well qualified and is aware of the technique involving the creation of the problem, it is my moral as well legal responsibility to make an attempt to solve it. Currently there are two parties involved. First one is the hospital and the next one is me. Any death caused due to the above mentioned problem will be regarded as a matter of negligence with responsibility being shared by the hospital and the person responsible for maintenance. The hospital has failed in obtaining an emergency kit which can be used in case of any technical problem. No electronic device can be considered for life time and must not be expected to perform throughout without any problem related to hardware as well as software (Ackers, 2005). Despite knowing the utility and need of the IT officers, the hospital has also failed in maintaining the proper number of the same so that whole functioning of the equipments can be achieved without a glitch. So the hospital can charged for going for cost cutt ing through less hiring of the people required for maintaining necessary elements so that proper functioning of the emergency services like the ICU can be maintained. ... charged on the ground of lapses which may finally risk the patient's life and any casualty will be considered as a consequence of negligence on the side of hospital. And since currently only I am available, so it's going to be me who will finally be penalized by the hospital and there is a possibility of getting accused in the case. Being an IT professional, I will try my best to sort out the problem in the quickest possible time. But at the same time, I will suggest the authorities to hire more professionals so that any situation like the one mentioned here can be averted. Since most of the programs are meant for live saving equipments so there should be at a group of developers for developing, maintaining and handling of the system and at least one of them must be available at any given time (Bott, 2005). In the given case study there is just one person who was involved in the development process and he was not present when the problem raised its ugly head. The development of software is generally done in different phases with proper documentation each of the phases must be done and properly stored. The development of each of the phase should be followed with a very precise software testing techniques. The same process should again be repeated once the whole software has been developed. But still none of us c an say the software developed is error free. There is a possibility of it not performing according to expected outcomes because of hardware delay or any other complexity. So the complete set of hardware with the software must be tested live with output being properly monitored. The hospital must have at least a pair of each of the device with one being maintained for emergent conditions. Moving on to software development processes, the software must be developed

Business Process Reengineering Dead or Going Strong Essay

Business Process Reengineering Dead or Going Strong - Essay Example Business process re-engineering, all business processes are broken down into small steps and are then analyzed. The aim is to make business processes efficient in order to avoid wastage, improve efficiency, and enhance customer value. By analyzing workflows business process re-engineering tries to make sure that every all business processes are aligned with the overall business goals and objective. The reason why business process re-engineering became famous was that it was the first approach that took into account business processed and workflows. The focus of this management strategy is on redesigning existing work processes and job design. Sometimes job processes are not interesting and therefore employees are not motivated to work hard. Many times workflow in the organization is not in line with the skills of the employees, and therefore employees feel detached from the organization. Sometimes employees with high level of skills are made to work on tasks that do not apply their e xpertise. All these problems are removed by business process re-engineering as it redesigns workflow and business process in the organization to make sure that employees remain interested in the job and give their best to the firm. This is why business process re-engineering became famous immediately after it introduced in the last decade of the 20th century. Business process re-engineering has been proven to be effective, at least in part, in improving organizational performance (Altinkemer, et al. 1998).

My Experiences with Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Experiences with Writing - Essay Example Writing is how I express myself best. It is through writing that I can reveal the information or knowledge that I have to a reader or my audience. For example, upon reading my notes in preparation for examinations, I write to establish how best I have memorized the main points. In this regard, I rest assured that when the day of examinations approaches, I will respond to the set questions without much of a problem. There are also instances where I write to free myself from distressing thoughts, such as pressing issues. I always feel relieved when I scribble my painful feelings away. I believe writing is one of the best ways to communicate. One of my writing successes has been taking part in essay writing competitions and winning several awards. This makes me happy knowing that I conveyed my points and ideas successfully. Also, it feels good to learn that you have an audience who can appreciate your writing skills or your written pieces of work. This gives me the strength to write even better. However, I have encountered disheartening experiences where I learnt that, as an international student, I cannot get employment in the U.S. I have always admired living and working in America when I complete my education. However, this destroys my morale and further chips away at my abilities. Words, language, and written communication form distinctive parts of my life. Particularly, I use words to express my ideas and views by constructing sentences and expressions.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Paging And Segmentation Computer Science Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Paging And Segmentation Computer Science Essay To use the processor and the I/O facilities efficiently, it is desirable to maintain many processes, as possible, in main memory. In addition, it is desirable to free programmers from size restrictions in program development than to restrict them with small sizes (that happened in the older computers). The restriction to a predefined size redirects the programmers effort from the use of better programming techniques to a continuously effort to make fit in that size a solution, not necessarily the optimal one. The way to address both of these concerns is virtual memory (VM). Virtual memory systems are an abstraction of the primary memory in a von Neumann computer. Even in a time of decreasing physical memory costs, contemporary computers devote considerable resources to supporting virtual address spaces that are much larger than the physical memory allocated to a process. Contemporary software relies heavily on virtual memory to support applications such as image management with huge memory requirements. (Sami Hamed ,2007) . 1.1 Implementing Virtual Memory To basic approaches to providing virtual memory are: paging and segmentation. Paging. With paging, each process is divided into relatively small, fixed-size pages. Paging systems transfer fixed-sized blocks of information between primary and secondary memories. Because of the fixed pages size and page frame size, the translation from a binary virtual address to a corresponding physical address is relatively simple, provided the system has an efficient table lookup mechanism. Paging systems use associative memories to implement page translation tables. Paging uses single-component addresses, like those used to address cell within any particular segment. In paging, the virtual address space is a linear sequence of virtual address (a format that differs from the hierarchical segmentation address space. In a paging system, the programmer has no specific mechanism for informing the virtual memory system about logical units of the virtual address space, as is done in segmentation. Instead, the virtual memory manager is completely responsible for defining the fixed-s ize unit of transfer the page to be moved back and forth between the primary and secondary memories. The programmer need not be aware of the units of virtual address space loaded into or unloaded from the physical memory. In fact, the page size is transparent to the process. ( Philip ,1998) . Segmentation. Segmentation provides for the use of pieces of varying size. It is also possible combine segmentation and paging in a single memory-management scheme. Segmentation is an alternative to paging. It differs from paging in that the unit transfer between primary and secondary memories varies. The size of the segments, are also explicitly known by the programmer. Translating a segment virtual address to a physical. Segmentation is an extension of the ideas suggested by the use of relocation-limit registers for relocating and bound checking blocks of memory. The program parts to be loaded or unloaded are defined by the programmer as variable-sized segments. Segment may be defined explicitly by language directives it implicit by program semantics as the: text, data and stack segments created by the UNIX C compiler. Address is more complex that translating a paging virtual address. (Michael , 2008) . 1.2 Process Management Process management refers to the full spectrum of as services to support the orderly administration of a collection of processes. The processor manager is responsible for creating the environment in which the sequential process executes, including implementing resource management. The community of processes that exists in the as at any given time is derived from the initial process that is created when the computer begins operation. The initial process boots up the as , which, in turn, can create other processes to service interactive users, printers, network connections and so on. A program image is created from a set of source modules and previously compiled library modules in relocate-able form. The link-editor combines the various relocate-able object modules to create an absolute program in secondary memory. The loader places the absolute program into the primary memory when a process executes the program. The program image, along with other entities that the process can reference, constitutes the process address space. The address space can be stored in different parts of the machines memory hierarchy during execution. 1.3 compares their advantages and disadvantages of Paging and Segmentation Advantages of Paging and Segmentation Disadvantages of Paging and Segmentation Paging No external fragmentation Segments can grow without any reshuffling Can run process when some pages are swapped to disk Increases flexibility of sharing Segmentation Supports sparse address spaces Decreases size of page tables If segment not used, not need for page table Increases flexibility of sharing of Both Increases flexibility of sharing Share either single page or entire segment Overhead of accessing memory à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Page tables reside in main memory à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Overhead reference for every real memory reference Large page tables à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Must allocate page tables contiguously à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ More problematic with more address bits Page table size Assume 2 bits for segment, 18 bits for page number, 12 bits for offset 2.0 Mapping Function Algorithm to block the memory card side cache lines. Method Which country is necessary to define a cache block busy. Three techniques used: direct, associative and associative. Associative Mapping In associative mapping, when a request is made for cash, the requested address is compared in the same directory with all entries in the directory. If the requested address is found (directory hit), the appropriate place in the cache is fetched and returned to the processor, otherwise, a miss occurs.(figure 1) . Associative Mapping Cache Figure (1), (Philip ,1998) Associative Mapping Summary Address length = (s+w) bits Number of addressable units = 2^(s+w) words or bytes Block Size = line size = 2^w words or bytes Number of blocks in main memory = 2^(s+w)/2^w = 2^s Number of lines in cache = undetermined Size of tag = s bits Associative Mapping Pros and Cons Flexibility as to which block to replace when a new block is read into cache Replacement algorithms designed to maximize cache hit ratio Complex circuitry required to examine the tags of all cache lines in parallel direct mapping In a direct mapping cache Lower Row address bits are used to access the directory. Several address line card in the same place in the cache directory, upper address bits (tag bits) should be compared with address to ensure a hit. If the comparison is not valid, the result is a cache miss, or simply a miss. The address given to the cache by the processor actually is subdivided into several pieces, each of which has a different role in accessing data (figure 2) . Direct Mapping Cache Figure (2), (Philip ,1998) set associative Mapping Operates in a fashion somewhat similar to the direct-mapped cache. Bits from the line address are used to address a cache directory. However, now there are multiple choices: two, four, or more complete line addresses may be present in the directory. Each of these line addresses corresponds to a location in a sub-cache. The collection of these sub-caches forms the total cache array. In a set associative cache, as in the direct-mapped cache, all of these sub-arrays can be accessed simultaneously, together with the cache directory. If any of the entries in the cache directory match the reference address, and there is a hit, the particular sub-cache array is selected and out gated back to the processor (figure 3 ) (William , 2000) Set Associative Mapping Cache Figure (3) ,(Philip ,1998) 2.4 Replacement Algorithms Direct Mapping No choice Each block only maps to one line Must replace that line Associative and Set Associative. Must be implemented in hardware for speed. Most effective Least Recently Used (LRU) Replace the block in the set that has been in cache the longest with no references to it . 2-way set associative each line includes a USE bit . First-in-first-out (FIFO) Replace the block in the set that has been in the cache the longest. Uses a round-robin or circular buffer technique . Least Frequently Used (LFU) . Replace the block in the set that has experienced the fewest references. Associate a counter with each line Pick a line at random not based usage . Only slightly inferior in performance to algorithms based on usage . 3.0What is RAID The basic idea of RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is to combine multiple cheap disks in an array of disk drives to obtain performance, capacity and reliability that exceeds that of a large disk. The array of drives appears to the host computer as one logical drive. The Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) of the array is equal to the MTBF of an individual drive, divided by the number of drives in the array. Because of this, the MTBF of a non-redundant array (RAID 0) is too low for mission-critical systems. However, disk arrays can be made fault tolerant by redundantly storing information in various ways. Five types of array architectures, RAID 1 to RAID 5 were originally determined each provides disk fault tolerance with different compromises in features and performance. In addition to these five redundant array architectures, it has become popular to refer to a non-redundant array of disk drives as a RAID 0 array. RAID 0 is the fastest and most efficient array type but offers no fault tolerance. RAID 0 requires a minimum of two drives. (William , 2000). 3.1 Performance and Data Redundancy Increasing Logical Drive Performance Without an array controller, connecting extra physical disks to a system increases the total storage capacity. However, it has no effect on the efficiency of read/write operations, because data can only be transferred to one physical disk at a time (see Figure 3). Figure (3) ,(William , 2000) With an array controller, connecting extra physical disks to a system increases both the total storage capacity and the read/write efficiency. The capacity of several physical disks is combined into one or more virtual units called logical drives (also called logical volumes). The read/write heads of all of the physical disks in a logical drive are active simultaneously; improving I/O performance and reducing the total time required for data transfer (see Figure 4). (William, 2000) Figure (4), (William , 2000) Because the read/write heads for each physical disk are active simultaneously, the same amount of data is written to each disk during any given time interval. Each unit of data is called a block. The blocks form a set of data stripes that are spread evenly over all the physical disks in a logical drive (see Figure 5), (William, 2000). Figure (5) ,(William , 2000) For data in the logical drive to be readable, the data block sequence must be the same in every stripe. This sequencing process is performed by the Smart Array Controller, which sends the data blocks to the physical disk, writing the heads in the correct order. In a striped array, each physical disk in a logical drive contains the same amount of data. If one physical disk has a larger capacity than other physical disks in the same logical drive, the extra capacity cannot be used. A logical drive can extend over more than one channel on the same controller, but it cannot extend over more than one controller. Disk failure, although rare, is potentially catastrophic to an array. If a physical disk fails, the logical drive it is assigned to fails, and all of the data on that logical drive is lost. (Peng, Hai , Xinrong ,Qiong Jiangling , 1997) . 3.2 differences among all RAID levels RAID 0 is the fastest and most efficient array type but offers no fault tolerance. RAID 0 requires a minimum of two drives. RAID 1 is the best choice for performance-critical, fault-tolerant environments. RAID 1 is the only choice for fault-tolerance if no more than two drives are used. RAID 2 is seldom used today since ECC is embedded in all hard drives. RAID 2 is not supported by Adaptec RAID controllers. RAID 3 can be used to speed up data transfer and provide fault tolerance in single-user environments that access long sequential records. However, RAID 3 does not allow overlapping of multiple I/O operations and requires synchronized-spindle drives to avoid performance degradation with short records. Because RAID 5 with a small stripe size offers. Similar performance, RAID 3 is not supported by Adaptec RAID controllers. RAID 4 offers no advantages over RAID 5 and does not support multiple simultaneous write operations. RAID 4 is not supported by Adaptec RAID controllers. RAID 5 combines efficient, fault-tolerant data storage with good performance characteristics. However, write performance and performance during drive failure is slower than with RAID 1. Rebuild operations also require more time than with RAID1 because parity information is also reconstructed. At least three drives are required for RAID 5 arrays. RAID-6 Striped data with dual distributed parity RAID-6 is the same as RAID-5 except that it uses a second level of independently calculated and distributed parity information for additional fault tolerance. This extra fault tolerance provides data security in the event two drives fail before a drive can be replaced. While this RAID level does provide greater fault tolerance than level 5, there is a significant loss in write performance due to the requirement for storing parity twice for each write operation. A RAID-6 configuration also requires N+2 drives to accommodate the additional parity data, which makes it less cost effective than RAID-5 for an equivalent storage capacity. RAID 10 Stripe set of mirrored arrays RAID 10 (also called RAID 0/1) is a combination of RAID levels 0 and 1. In this type of implementation a RAID-0 stripe set of the data is created across a 2-disk array for performance benefits. A duplicate of the first stripe set is then mirrored on another 2-disk array for fault tolerance. While this configuration provides all of the performance benefits of RAID-0 and the redundancy of RAID-1, this level is very costly to implement because a minimum of four disks are necessary to create a RAID 10 configuration. NOTE A RAID 10 configuration can continue operations even when two disks have failed, provided that the two disks not part of the same RAID-1 mirror set. RAID 50 Stripe set of parity arrays RAID level 50 (also called RAID 0/5) is a combination of RAID levels 0 and 5. Multiple RAID-5 arrays are striped together using RAID-0. Parity is maintained separately for each RAID-5 group in the striped array. This level provides the same advantages of RAID-5 for small data transfers with the added performance of striping for disk read/write operations. Also, because parity is calculated independently for each RAID-5 component, if one array is degraded the effect on overall operations is not as significant as for a single RAID-5 array. However, the overhead incurred by RAID-5 parity generation is still present. Normally this does not cause noticeable degradation unless you are dependent on software-based XOR functionality or have a large number of disks in the array. RAID subsystems that support hardware-based XOR should provide performance nearly equal to a RAID-0 configuration with the added protection of data parity information in the event of a disk failure. A minimum of six disks are required for a RAID 50 configuration. NOTE A RAID 50 configuration can continue operations even when two disks have failed, provided that the two disks are not part of the same RAID-5 parity group.(Adaptec inc. (n. d.)) .

English Vs Math Essay example -- essays research papers

English Vs. Math   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To most people English or Language Arts is a creative course and math is just a logical, you get it or you don’t class. My purpose writing this paper is to change your mind. I believe that Math is just as, or more creative than English. I will demonstrate this through a couple of examples.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, we must understand what is behind the creative aspect in English. Most people consider that English is the, ‘creative,’ subject because of titles such as ‘creative writing’ and ‘creative thinking’ and in contrast there is no creative something in math. In English when we are, let’s say, going to write a creative short story we use our imaginations and there are no limits. Now on the other hand in math when faced with a problem such as; if you have 300 meters of fence and have to enclose a rectangular field. What would be the dimensions of the field that would yield the largest area? When mathematicians go to solve one of these they have to be creative in their problem solving.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Perhaps, one of the best ways to demonstrate creativity in math is through an identity question. An identity question is where you have an equation and you try to manipulate each side individually without touching the other side and get them to be equal. We start off with something like sin squared theta over cos theta plus cos and the objective here is to prove that it is identical to sec theta. At...